The Death of Ivan Ilyich

The Death of Ivan Ilyich, by Tolstoy, is the story of a man who is faced with suffering and death in which no one seems to believe him. He’s a common man with common dreams. He’s not extraordinary in any way. Ivan Ilyich is a good literary protagonist. His character goes though ups and downs, is well rounded and relatable. Ivan married Praskovya Fedorovna. Ivan doesn’t appear to be in love with her. She is attractive, has money, a good social standing and he really has no objection to her, â€Å"†¦the marriage gave him personal satisfaction, and at the same time it was considered the right thing by the most highly placed of his associates† (Lawall). This is a relatable piece of life. This may have held more truth back in this era, but it’s not that far off today either. Many people marry for reasons other than love. Ivan had a good job and was very happy with it despite being passed over for a promotion at one time. He was said to be a gentleman and was admired by his peers. When things were good, they were good. And when they weren’t, well, they just weren’t. â€Å"His wife, without any reason – de gaiete de coeur as Ivan Ilych expressed it to himself – began to disturb the pleasure and propriety of their life. She began to be jealous without any cause, expected him to devote his whole attention to her, found fault with everything, and made coarse and ill-mannered scenes† (Lawall). The ups and downs of his life are what make him a good literary protagonist. Perhaps this scene is one that men can be empathetic towards more than women. Having a well-rounded character makes for a good literary protagonist. When the reader sees Ivan struggling with his own mortality this completes a circle of emotion for the character. The reader has watched Ivan through good times and bad and has been able to relate on different levels. â€Å"In the depth of his heart he knew he was dying, but not only was he not accustomed to the thought, he simply did not and could not grasp it† (Lawall). Being able to grasp the finality of death especially your own, is something that people have thought about and struggled with throughout their lives. It reminds people they are real and not indestructible. A good literary protagonist is one that is relatable and well-rounded and people need to be able to see this character through their ups and downs and still come out with them as being on top in the end. The Death of Ivan Ilyich, by Tolstoy, is the story of a man who had a good life, a decent wife and in the end he suffered and died. As the eader goes through the story of Ivan they are taken into his entire life. He is someone the reader can empathize with which allows connections between the character and reader. Everyone thinks about their mortality at one time or another, but to think about what other’s think of your own mentality is something entirely different. â€Å"Besides considerations as to the possible transfers and promotions likely to result from Ivan Ilych's d eath, the mere fact of the death of a near acquaintance aroused, as usual, in all who heard of it the complacent feeling that, ‘it is he who is dead and not I’† (Lawall).

Periodic Table of Visualization Methods Essay

                  From 1899, the juvenile court has always handle three types of juvenile cases. These cases include: child neglect, abuse and other status offences. Juvenile delinquency cases   are unlawful action that is performed by the minors which would therein be crimes if they were partaken by adults. Status offences are on the other hand noncriminal offences which are deemed offences if they are committed by the minors. The common examples of these status offences include running away and truancy. Till 1960s, both noncriminal and criminal behaviors were all considered to be forms of delinquents. Hence the law did not differentiate between delinquents and status offenders. In neglect and child abuse cases, the court will always provide protection for children who are abuse or neglected. In the year 1994, delinquency cases made up to 64% of the total juvenile cases in these courts, with status offences making 15% and neglect and abuse cases making 16% of the total national juvenile court cases.                   I have discussed all these types of these cases below with the description of these court processes that are involved in the handling of these cases along with the current policy issues which are involved. It is worth noting that though these cases seem to be different from each other, there are some common themes and values which are applied in handling these cases. The most obvious of these is the judges which are handling these cases to note that these children need to be taken care of for their development in making legal decisions making much attention to the legal needs of children along with their families. Secondly, even if the court is one of the institutions that work to the betterment of the families and children, it is posed with a unique and awesome power in delinquency, child abuse cases and the status offences cases. Juvenile court has powers to separate the children from their parents, can also order these minors to live in confined place s, also they can end the biological right of relationship between a child and the parent and create for them other new parental rights.                   As these decisions are deemed to be very serious and fundamental to the well being of children, ensuring these courts possesses adequate resources is very vital as it handles every type of cases. Judges require information, workable facilities and adequate training so that it can be able to handle these cases in the most appropriate manner. Adequate representation of all the involved parties should always be in the court proceedings. All the communities need to have safe, effective program and placements which are available for children coming before the court. As it would be very clear from the subsequent discussion, these courts handle very difficult workloads and involves the most emotion laden and very controversial issues in most parts of the society. Because of this, these decisions have in many cases faced disagreements. The extent to which these cases should be equipped and expanded to equip them with the resources that are required for them to a dequately perform their roles has formed basis of many discussions and debates.                   Lastly, as these courts make decisions which are very vital in the societal development, they are most often the subject of the social media and in most cases form the basis for political platform. So judges should always have the urge to play leadership roles, both in the agencies which serve children and the broader community so as to encourage thoughtful and deliberative approaches to all these problems, instead of other approaches which are reached hastily. Delinquency                   The juvenile handling of the delinquent case is the one which is always handled by these courts in the general public perception. When unlawful deeds are committed by the minors, these cases are usually brought under these courts as delinquent cases. These cases in most cases include petty theft, misdemeanors, vandalism and also some kind of felonies like robbery and other aggravated assaults. The maximum age handled by these courts are typically determined by the state laws. In the District of Columbia and other 37 states, the maximum age for this is 17 years of age, in other 10 states it is 16 and in the rest 3 this is set to a maximum of 15 years.                  Currently these courts have become the centre stage for public concern due to the increasing number of crimes and the high rate of juvenile related crimes. Recently these courts have been criticized for their perceived leniency towards their decision on these juvenile delinquents. One of the best examples of this is the inability of these courts failure to impose sentences that go beyond 21 years of age. High visibility and serious violent crimes that are committed by minors have always captured the public interests and attention drawing juvenile offenders’ treatment to get tougher on crimes that have been popular politically for the past twenty years.             This public fear of the juvenile court jurisdiction has resulted into some changes in the jurisdiction of the juvenile courts. Since 1992, the executive and the legislative branch in 41 states has hence limited the jurisdiction of the cases that involve chronic offenders, violent and shifted these court cases from their rehabilitative tradition which have involved addressing offenders rather than the offences which has been committed toward a more punitive system which is focused on the offence itself. For instance, 14 states in the year 1990 had to amend their codes to clearly list public safety as the sole purpose of the juvenile justice system; the punishment is listed as either primary or one of the several purposes of the court system in 28 states. The most significant thing that has happened since 1992 is that all but 10 states have structured adult courts in a manner that they can be able to handle juvenile cases. In most of the instances when the minors ar e convicted in the adult courts, it really posses a possibility that the minor may be sentenced to the prisons instead of being placed in juvenile facilities that offers rehabilitative programs.                   Even though the violent juvenile cases grab most of the interest and headlines from the media and tend to have the highest influence on the justice system, most of the juvenile courts handle less serious crimes. Mostly, the highest numbers of cases that are handled by most of the juvenile courts involve cases like vandalism, motor vehicle theft in which they mostly belong to their parents and larceny cases. In 1992, police made a lot of juvenile arrests and contrary to the perception of the public; the most serious charge was a property offence charge in the 57% of the total cases. Offences against persons like assault and robberies comprised of 215 of the total cases, disorder conduct which is a form of public order offence showed to be like 17% of the cases with the 155 being taken by the drug law violation.                   In spite of the young people being not disproportionately responsible for the most violent crimes, they always commit more than their share of property criminal offences. For instance in the year 1992, the youth aged between 10 to 17 years of age comprised 13 % of the US population and they were responsible for like the same percentage of their population of all the violent crimes which were committed in this year and they were responsible for more than 23% of the property crimes which is more than their proportion portion of their population. Purpose of the research                   Currently it has been more than 100th anniversary of these juvenile court approaches. This paper will provide an insight for the explanation of the cases that are handled by these courts along with the current trends and issues that have cropped up in these juvenile courts. The main goal of this research paper is to present an apparent description of these courts today and hence address the future challenges along with the recommendations to be adopted. This paper majorly addresses the court’s status and their ability to handle these cases along with the improvements that should be adopted for these courts to be able to partake their roles in the most appropriate manner. The research methodology In my data collection, I will employ both primary and secondary data methods of data collection. Primary methods                   Census- I will carry out census where I will talk to the many stakeholders and other involved associations and institutions although this method is somehow expensive because of the cost involved. Samples- I will sample out some of the involved people and stakeholders Observation- I will visit some of the juvenile courts to get the real state on the ground. The secondary sources of data collection                  Questionnaires- I will develop many questionnaires which I will use to get the information required to carry out my research.                  Surveys- through the questionnaires, I will sample out and send some surveys to the stakeholders and these specialized institutions.                     Books, web, magazines, journals and other online sources- I will use the already available written materials to get complete insights on this topic. In my data analysis, I will include the following methods of data analysis Content analyzes                   This is the most simple and widely employed method of data analysis. It can be defined as the systematic description of behavior which asks, who? Where and how? And what questions within a formulated set of rules so as to limit the effects of bias in analysis. It could be the most preferred technique which is employed to analyze semi-structured interviews and cognitive interview testing.                      Narrative analysis- I will employ narrative analysis to analyze data where I will focus on the people’s stories and how they think about the issue in question. Although I will not treat these stories as the true facts I highly employ them to get how people think and feel about these juvenile courts. 3. Grounded Theory                   This is the most standard and classical technique that is employed in analyzing social data. It uses hierarchical and systematic data set. It develops a set of inductively derived hypothesis that is grounded on the data. Triangulation                In this method of data analysis I will combine both the quantitative and qualitative data analysis to come up with a precise data interpretation. Data presentation In my data presentation, I will employ many methods which would be very appropriate for this data. Frequency distribution table                   In this method I shall be focusing on the occurrence of a certain variable like a certain facility in the juvenile courts according to each state court system. Graphical methods Here I will try to focus on the relationship of variables in the court system. Charts These will be used to show the extent to which a certain variable has been employed in the courts. References Julian Mack, The Chancery Procedure in the Juvenile Court, in The Child, The Clinic, and the Court (19’25), p. 310. Julian Mack, The Juvenile Court, 23 Harv.L.Rev. 104, 119-120 (1909).Shears, Legal Problems Peculiar to Children’s Courts, 48 A.B.A.J. 719, 720 (1962) January 2007 publication, California’s Criminal Justice system.Vitaly Friedman (2008) â€Å"Data Visualization and Infographics† in: Graphics, Monday Inspiration, January 14th, 2008. Lengler, Ralph; Lengler, Ralph. â€Å"Periodic Table of Visualization Methods† Source document

Application for a Business University Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Application for a Business University - Essay Example Waking up in the morning and realizing that I have done great things is what I always want to achieve. My family owns the biggest ceramics manufacturer in ABCDEFG. At our company, we ensure that our products are satisfactory to our customers. As the company is still expanding, I am aware that XXX MBA would help and guide me to be a better businessperson and take my family business to the next level, especially in the fast-growing market. XXX offers small-personalized classes which allow more interactions among the students. Teamwork is very crucial in the business world, and effective teamwork requires effective and consistent commitment and communication efforts. Hence, XXX program will greatly improve my leadership skills as I would be required to demonstrate strategic thinking, excellent collaborative skills, and self-awareness. These are the important characteristic of a successful businessperson or entrepreneur. In my undergraduate studies, I was required to take YYY, which was a blend of academic study with community service and it played an important role in developing my leadership skills. I learned a lot from this experience, as it required the development of effective communication skills among team members. I also realized that teamwork is the key to success for any project. In addition, I also learned how to apply business concepts that I had learned from my previous business classes to a real-world business situation. This experience is helpful when doing my current MBA program at ZZZ. In my marketing class at ZZZ, I gained a lot of experience working in a team. There were five members of our team and we collaborated with each other to utilize our strengths while converting weaknesses into strengths. Each person played a complementary role to other members of our team. We all worked and contributed effectively due to our great team leadership skills.

TRANSPORTATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

TRANSPORTATION - Essay Example While in the harbour act, a number of proposals can be adhered to so as to come up with the new terminal for example, the HRO (Harbour Revision Order, as used in the ABP proposal kin the development of a new terminal at Dibden Bay). The HBO is divided into four parts each with a specific responsibility to cover. The parts are as follows; Part I, which covers the development,processes i.e. the terminal construction. Either part II, which provides for landscaping works in the areas covered in the Order Plans and proposals, which may be creation, or diversion and stopping of the rights of way as stipulated for the public. Part III, which allows the ABP to acquire any land required for the creation of the new terminal. Part IV, which covers all the other matters (miscellaneous) that relate to the public as in replacement of open spaces meant for public. If the HBO is to be considered, the National policy must be applied whereby the policies must reflect a better quality of life, new deal for transport and sustainabledistribution. Included in the National policy is the Modern Ports Policy which is the relevant part in reference to the creation of a new terminal. The modern ports policy is a core part in the National policy. The modern ports policy brings out the fact that UK depends on international trade. It states that a port is to serve the interest of the nation, support the competition, and handle demands of the UK trade. Currently the port of Southampton is not able to meet the demands of all the customers, so the building of a new terminal will have the situation improve and not deteriorate. The policies should be covered in descending order, from international policies, regional policies and local policies. Presently the project will be at an advantage because of geographical advantages that Southamptonhas shipping advantages. After the external policies have been covered, the internal policies should follow after. Internal

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - Essay Example If a woman drinks alcohol during her pregnancy, there are high chances that her baby can be born with FAS, which is a lifelong condition that causes physical and mental disabilities. In today's world where socializing is considered an important part of life, several times women in their reproductive age expose themselves to alcohol. As a consequence, knowingly or unknowingly alcohol abuse is the leading cause of mental retardation in the western world. The amount and timing of alcohol use by the pregnant women determine the type and extent of resulting birth defects. FAS is characterized by Holoprosencephaly which is a condition that is linked with failure of the brain to divide into two hemispheres. This condition is generally associated with neuro-developmental and facial abnormalities. Additionally, there are also possibilities of associated abnormalities of the corpus callosum, the brainstem and the cerebellum, particularly the anterior portion of the vermis. Children with FAS may also suffer due to absence of olfactory lobes, hypoplasia of the hippocampus and abnormal or absent basal ganglia; usually hypoplastic or absent caudate nuclei. According to the results of the positron emission tomography scans, abnormalities is seen in glucose metabolism, especially in the anterior caudate nucleus and the vermis of the cerebellum, even in the absence of overt structural abnormalities (Canadian PaediatricSociety, 2007). There is lack of proper data on the exact prevalence of FAS/atypical FAS. According to studies conducted by Abel (1995), it is estimated that the overall incidence of FAS at 0.97/1000 (0.097%) live births and 43/1000 (4.3%) among babies of heavy drinkers. Based on three population studies, Sampson et al. (1997) estimated the incidence of FAS to be between 2.8/1000 and 4.8/1000 live births, and the incidence of a combination of FAS and ARND to be at least 9.1/1000 live births. In yet another statistic it is said that though all races are vulnerable to FAS, it is excessively higher among American Indian offspring (Aase, 1981). It is also estimated that each year in the United States, 1 in every 750 infants is born with a pattern of physical, developmental, and functional problems is due to fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), while another 40,000 are born with fetal alcohol effects (FAE) (KidsHealth, 2007). It is important to note that variation in these rates depends on the population studied and the surveillance methods used which may be different for different research groups. In yet another study conducted by CDC show FAS rates ranging from 0.2 to 1.5 per 1,000 live births in different parts of the United States. Besides, other FASDs are thought to occur roughly three times as often as FAS (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2006). Historical Perspective of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome It is interesting to note that concerns have surrounded the consumption of alcohol during pregnancy since biblical times. However, Dr. William Sullivan, a Liverpool prison physician noted higher rates of stillbirth for 120 alcoholic female prisoners than their sober female relatives in 1899. This is the earliest known observation of possible links between maternal alcohol use and fetal damage. He also pointed out that the causal agent was alcohol use (Sullivan, 1899). A case study was conducted by Henry H. Goddard who belonged to one of

Management across Culture in China. China is home to the oldest and Essay

Management across Culture in China. China is home to the oldest and most continuous culture worldwide - Essay Example With globalization came international business people. What is always confusing with different cultures is, those values that may be acceptable in one culture may be counterproductive or even unacceptable in another. In Peoples Republic of China, people view managers differently (Branine, 2011:226). People expect managers in both private and foreign sectors to be entrepreneurial, fluent, pragmatic, and flexible in both their native culture and that of their foreign investors. It is common and believable to find â€Å"benevolent authoritarian† young managers in Chinese companies. Even though this sounds rampant even in other cultures, in China employees expect their managers to deploy leadership by living an exemplary life. This means those managers involved in company operations are hard working and earn their employees respect and compliance. Management characteristics within Chinese culture are rapidly changing especially in the private sector. Traditionally, loyalty remaine d within families or groups however, this is transforming drastically. Mobility of labor is increasing dramatically especially within the foreign firms. Presently, once an employee gains some experience in a particular field, his or her employment options open up widely especially in the large coastal cities of Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Beijing. This shows that loyalty in Chinese culture regarding employment is vividly losing magnitude and at the same time, they are replacing it with experience and labor mobility (Branine, 2011:227). Roles of managers differ coherently with place and culture. With this respect, the role of a manager in China entail that, a successful cross-cultural manager in this country has to be aware that every individual in the organization has a very distinct role to play hence maintaining that role helps in keeping order. Managers may carry out their duties in their respective manner and even function autocratically. In some cases, they might use an intermedia ry to solve problems with their staff or do it privately (Branine, 2011:247). Due to cultural aspects like these, management across such culture is hectic and requires tolerance and perseverance. Nevertheless, China’s cultural adaptability is improving rapidly in spite of her traditional medium of cultural tolerance because of the increasing demand for global marketplace. A manager should receive and address any ideas raised by an employee in order to avoid exposure (Branine, 2011:264). This shows that Chinese culture is gently incorporating approaches brought in by change. In addition, since approach to time and priorities is moderate and typical in Chinese culture, there may be some flexibility towards strict adherence to schedules and deadlines. Nonetheless, the expectations regarding global trade and intercultural expansion are causing Chinese to adopt stringent principles of adhering to schedules. The process of decision making in Chinese organizations is bureaucratic. E ven though China is changing, the engrained bureaucracy within government offices and in the most entrepreneurial companies is still evident. Different departments apt to work separately and quite independently and only share specified and selected information (Branine, 2011:269). This shows that, rivalry often exist amongst these departments under the same company. These cultural

Bottled water industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Bottled water industry - Essay Example The problem is succinctly stated in the third paragraph of the case, â€Å"the reputation of Quench is currently under threat.† Specifically, its brand image is suffering because its customers â€Å"are increasingly concerned with environmental issues linked to packaging, sustainable resources and ecological logistics.† The Guardian recently reported that, â€Å"the latest beverage research from Mintel states that 2008 will be the beginning of a significant backlash against plain bottled water.† (Siegel, 2008) Quench is sold in small quantities in plastic bottles and consumers are becoming concerned about the energy costs of their production and, most importantly, the waste that these bottles constitute. In brief, Quench is developing an image problem related to the environmental impacts of the containers its products are sold in. This problem has been exacerbated by its competitors behaviour. They have experienced the same problems with customer perceptions of their lack of environmental commitment and responded quickly to address these concerns. This has put pressure on Quench to also respond quickly or risk a continually declining reputation while their competitors restore their public image. One solution would be to reduce the waste left from the containers. This could be achieved through three means. The water could be sold in larger containers producing less waste by volume of water sold. However, their market is sporty, active people and this would reduce the convenience factor associated with smaller bottles and impact negatively on sales. Secondarily, the company could introduce containers with thinner sides, reducing the waste by producing less waste per container. If the company manufacturers its own bottles this would be an expensive an time consuming alternative as it would necessitate retooling their bottle production lines. If the company purchases its bottles this would present its suppliers with the same problem. However, whether it